- Block organization may vary. The cause essay may ..............................................................................in the introduction and then all the causes as a block in the body or in an effect essay, one cause is mentioned in the introduction and all the effects are discussed in the body .
discuss about one effect
discuss one effect
discuss around one effect
discuss for one effect
. Chain organization may .................................................. the first cause and its effect, and the effect becomes a second cause that leads to some effect, the development making a “chain” relationship.
be used to discuss
be used to discussing
being used to discuss
to be used to discuss
.........................................., you should replace it with an appropriate word (a repetition, a synonym or a general word), a group of words or even a clause, they with specific words.
To avoiding ambiguous reference
To avoid ambiguous reference
about avoiding ambiguous reference
For avoiding ambiguous reference
................................................... ......................make a demand for some action. For example, an argument against smoking cigarettes might conclude that the government should ban smoking, if not everywhere, then at least in public places.
It is very low to
It is very common to
It is very hot to
It is very artful to
..........................................................................................................1. use the word one instead of the word people or they, 2. use specific words such as inhabitant, learner, visitor,… or, 3. when possible, use the passive voice.
Remember to
Remember for
Remember around
Remember about
........................................................................are a means of establishing order among things having some common characteristic.
check_box Division and classification
Division and classifying
Division and classified
Dividing and classification
........................................................essays establish and explaining the relationship between cause and effect and between effect and cause.
Causes and effective
Causes and effects
Causing and effects
to Cause and effects
....................other written essays, an example essay begins with the first paragraph that has a strong thesis statement. A thesis is the key opinion, the point, argument or generalization of an essay.
dislike
hate
Like
love
A better definition might involve different examples, dealing with different periods of life: ............................................................... when some unfair things happen.
check_box childhood, adulthood and old age
childhood, adulthood and old ageing
childhood, adultlike and old age
childlike, adulthood and old age
A cause and effect example can be structured in two patterns of organization: ..................................
check_box block and chain
blocking and chain
blocked and chain
block and chaining
A definition essay breaks a subject .....................................that can be clearly understood. What is most important before writing is to select a subject carefully because definition essays are personal by nature.
around parts
away parts
with parts
into parts
A necessary cause cannot produce the effect but must be present for the effect to occur. A contributory cause can not produce the effect by itself but may ....................................................................
check_box lead to an effect.
lead with an effect.
lead for an effect.
lead about an effect.
A sufficient cause by itself can produce an effect. Also, one cause may lead to many effects, or one cause .......................................in a chain.
related to one effect
related with one effect
related for one effect
related about one effect
Also try to make your essay lively by using an amusing or dramatic incident, an unusually surprising fact, or a conclusion that challenges the reader to think and explore further.
unusual
unusually
usual
usually
An argumentative essay is like a debate (a formal argument or discussion of a question). In order to convince the reader of your point of view, you must show that you know the opposing ...................... and can refute them (prove that they are incorrect or weak).
argumentation
argumentative
argumentively
arguments
An essay becomes an argument when it .......................................... You must decide which side to the issue you stand on.
takes a choice
takes a point
takes a place
takes a position
An essay is a short composition in prose that ..................... a subject limited in scope. An essay that you write for your college courses to narrate a story is called narration, to describe something or somebody description.
discuss
discussed
discusses
discussing
An essay that is ........................... .. to convey information is called exposition. Exposition is the act of presenting, explaining, or expounding facts or ideas in writing or in speaking when you use different patterns of organization.
to write
write
writing
written
Another ............................ alternative you can use is by using they, they can refer to one person, or by using a plural noun:
non-sexist
none-sexist
not-sexist
no-sexist
Before writing a classification essay, you should identify the subject and study it thoroughly by .........................................................................................all the categories it may have on the basis of a single principle for classification you have selected.
check_box taking into consideration
taking into conversation
taking into conversion
taking into suggestion
Before discussing the causes and/ or effects of the event, in your thesis statement you should say clearly you are ............................................................................. by using the term cause and/or effect,
check_box discussing causes and/ or effects
discussing about causes and/ or effects
discussing over causes and/ or effects
discussing around causes and/ or effects
Before you give the thesis statement, you can provide some background about the term, ......................................................and/or how it is important to define the term.
check_box saying why
talking why
telling why
speaking why
Chain organization is a complicated pattern. It may be used to discuss the first cause ............... ...................................................and the second cause with its effects in another.
going with its effects in one paragraph
to going with its effects in one paragraph
to gone with its effects in one paragraph
went with its effects in one paragraph
Choose the best answer The writer should provide specific information to help educate the reader about a topic, showing that you ........................................
understand the topic positive
understand the topic well
understand the topic whole
understand the topic good
Choose the best answer An essay that is written to convey information is called exposition. Exposition is the act of presenting, explaining, or expounding facts or ideas in writing or in speaking when you use ..............................of organization.
differed patterns
difference patterns
differing patterns
different patterns
Choose the best answer As you .................................................................................the ideas for your topic, you should keep one very important question in mind: Why/ For what am I writing this paper?
gather and organizing
gathering and organize
gather and organize
gather and organizes
Choose the best answer Essays that you write for your college courses usually require the representation of information .........................................................
check_box about a selected subject.
about a selective subject.
about a selection subject.
about a selecting subject.
Choose the best answer The writer has to use sound reasoning and solid evidence ............................................. the reader to agree with your point of view on an issue that has more than one side to it.
check_box to convince
to play
to have
to do
Choose the best answer To express yourself means that you record your ...................... feelings and experiences in a diary, journal, poem or even songs.
personally
person
personal
people
Choose the best answer To inform in writing means that you explain how something happened, how something works, or ...................................................
why a problem exists
why does a problem exist ?
why is a problem exists
why do a problem exist ?
Choose the best answer The term “pre-writing” conjures up a lot of strange activities and practices.  You’ve probably tried many different .......................................................................in the past, and may have a good idea of what works for you and what doesn’t.
check_box prewriting strategies
prewrite strategies
prewrotestrategies
prewritten strategies
Choose the best answer Once you have analyzed your audience, you will be better able to decide on the content, vocabulary, and tone that .............................................................................
are most suitable for his paper.
are most suitable for our paper.
are most suitable for your paper.
are most suitable for her paper.
Choose the best answer The way ...................................... on paper helps to establish the tone of your writing.
that you express your ideas
what you express your ideas
where you express your ideas
when you express your ideas
Choose the best answer Writing is always about a topic. If you know or understand about a topic well, you write ................... it with authority and interest.
to
around
about
for
Choose the best answer You will write ................................................................... if you always identify the major purpose for each piece of writing you undertake.
check_box more effectively and successfully
more effectively and successful
more effective and successfully
more effectively and success
Choose the best answerA process is a series of actions that lead to ....................................., and a process essay is written to encourage the reader’s natural curiosity.
an expectational end
an expectation end
an expected end
an expecting end
Choose the best answerA thesis is the key opinion, the point, argument or .......................of an essay.
check_box generalization
general
generalizing
generally
Choose the best answerAn essay is a short composition in prose that discusses a subject limited in scope. An essay that you write for your college courses to narrate a story is called ...................
narrating
narration
narrated
narrative
Choose the best answerAs for word choice, formal words are ....................................informal words; formal words are usually single words not multi words.
often longest than
often more longer than
often longer than
often the longer than
Choose the best answerEach developmental paragraph includes evidence and examples to support the topic sentence and all the body will include evidence and examples presented in different paragraphs ................................................................................
to defend the right statement.
to defend the whole statement.
to defend the thesis statement.
to defend the good statement.
Choose the best answerFor variety, select a key word, phrase or idea from the previous paragraph to refer back to its main idea and use it in the beginning sentence of the next paragraph before ...................... the main idea of that paragraph.
check_box introducing
to introduce
introduce
introduction
Choose the best answerGenerally, formal language is used in writing and speech ...................., while informal language is used in conversation and casual writing like emails to friends.
holding
doing
taking
making
Choose the best answerIf an assignment does not indicate a major purpose, choose one that seems appropriate for the topic and you ........................................................................ to the topic.
will focus on your intended approach
will focus over your intended approach
will focus for your intended approach
will focus under your intended approach
Choose the best answerIf you were asked to write about the difficulties in writing in English, ......................................the topic with a number of examples.
you may develop
you would develop
you should develop
you can develop
Choose the best answerIn an example essay the examples are .......................................... in the same order.
check_box essentially arranged
essentially arrangement
essential arranged
essentially arranging
Choose the best answerIn formal writing, apart from using formal words you should use formal ..................................... ........................................yourself.
ways of expression
ways of expressing
ways of saying
ways of talking
Choose the best answerIn order to prove your main idea/ thesis of your essay, especially in a narration or description, .............. ........................................ ....... to add details so that readers are made to “see” events and objects.
using examples are very effective
using examples done very effective
using examples work very effective
using examples is very effective
Choose the best answerIn writing an example essay to prove a point, the number of examples you use .................................................................................
depended on the topic.
dependent on the topic.
depending on the topic.
depends on the topic.
Choose the best answerIn writing you have to ......................................... what your reader does and does not know about your subject, and select suitable ideas to give your audience.
tell
anticipate
ask
say
Choose the best answerIt can be said that ....................... ..................will present the standard conventions of essay writing and feature them prominently.
an example essay through any topic
an example essay above any topic
an example essay on any topic
an example essay under any topic
Choose the best answerLike other written essays, an example essay begins .................... the first paragraph that has a strong thesis statement.
check_box with
for
over
under
Choose the best answerOne of the most important areas to master ................................register is the difference between formal and informal English.
in lengths of
in terms of
in hands of
in shortage of
Choose the best answerOne of the most common mistakes made by inexperienced writers involves using too personal a manner in a piece of formal writing which is called ............................
check_box “chatty style”.
“chatting style”.
“chatter style”.
“chatted style”.
Choose the best answerRemember that in explaining a process, you should make sure that the directions are complete and specific so that someone who is unfamiliar with the process will be able to perform it successfully.
to perform it successfully.
to performed it successfully.
to performance it successfully.
to performing it successfully.
Choose the best answerSetting a goal for a short amount of time (5 minutes or 10 minutes are good options), just write anything that comes to mind ...................................................................
relating with your topic.
related to your topic.
relation to your topic.
relating to your topic.
Choose the best answerThe body of an example essay will develop each aspect of the thesis in a separate paragraph or set of paragraphs, ............................... begins with a strong topic sentence.
some of which
several of which
others of which
each of which
Choose the best answerThe conclusion is used to wrap up your arguments by ............................................................................
having what your essay has shown.
stating what your essay has shown.
speaking what your essay has shown.
talking what your essay has shown.
Choose the best answerThe example essay will end with a strong ........................................that provides insight on the thesis statement.
concluding paragraph
conclusion paragraph
to conclude paragraph
conclude paragraph
Choose the best answerThe examples you use should refer to and fairly support ...................of your writing.
the whole idea
the great idea
the main idea
the huge idea
Choose the best answerThe Introduction of the process essay tells what the process is, in what situations it is used, and ......................................................................................................
why was it important.
why does it important.
why is it important.
why it is important.
Choose the best answerThe number of examples you use in an example essay ...................... the topic, but usually three or four extended examples (illustrations) might suffice.
check_box depends on
depends over
depends with
depends about
Choose the best answerThe order you select to arrange your examples is really .................................................................
what can you have to consider.
what may you have to consider.
what do you have to consider.
what you have to consider.
Choose the best answerThe thesis statement tells the reader if your purpose is to discuss ............................................ between the two subjects.
the similar or differences
the similarities or differences
the similarities or differently
the similarities or different
Choose the best answerThe tone reflects your attitude towards your subject and your audience, so the tone might be light, humorous, serious, angry or insulting, ......................................
dependent on the writing situation.

depending on the writing situation.
depended on the writing situation.
depend on the writing situation.
Choose the best answerThere are .....................................at least 6 types of expository essays, each having its own significant differences from the others: process, illustration (example), comparison and contrast, analysis (cause and effect), classification, and definition (identification).
as long as
as much as
as well as
as many as
Choose the best answerThere are many types of expository essays according to many methods you use to develop your essay topic. Reading essays of these kinds, you may find out the way the information/ the writer’s ideas have been exposed/ conveyed .............................................................
for the reader.
to the reader.
over the reader.
on the reader.
Choose the best answerThere are two types of process analysis essays: instructing or directing the reader for doing something and explaining or analyzing something
around the reader to understand.
over the reader to understand.
for the reader to understand.
about the reader to understand.
Choose the best answerTo entertain means that the writer might use humor, romance, or suspense as the basis for a poem, short story, or novel ........................................................
to create enjoyment for the reader.
to creating enjoyment for the reader.
creation enjoyment for the reader.
to created enjoyment for the reader.
Choose the best answerTo persuade means that the writer has to influence the reader to change his/ her mind or .................. a particular action.
take
have
do
make
Choose the best answerTo this end, give the parts of the process in an order; by importance, location, from simple to complex, from known to unknown, and of time ............................... is the most common type of order.
why
what
which
when
Choose the best answerTry to make your essay lively by using an amusing or dramatic incident, an unusually surprising fact, or a conclusion that challenges the reader ..............................................................................
to thinking and explore further.
to think and had explored further.
to think and exploring further.
to think and explore further.
Choose the best answerUsually the examples and details in an expository essay are organized according to ........................................................................
time, familiar, and importance.
timing, familiarity, and importance.
time, familiarity, and important.
time, familiarity, and importance.
Choose the best answerWhen ..........................................the guiding purpose for a particular assignment, discuss it with your teacher before you begin writing.
you are not sure over
you are not sure for
you are not sure of
you are not sure about
Choose the best answerWhen writing an essay of this kind, you should remember to envision .................................................to focus your explanation and warn your reader of difficulties in the process.
what may the reader not know
what does the reader not know
what the reader does not know
what is the reader not know
Choose the best answerYour examples should be representative / typical, covering .. ................................................... interest areas/ aspects: an example must be a representative member of a class or category.
check_box a wide range of
a big range of
a short range of
a small range of
Classification (and division) is a common pattern of composition to analyze a topic or subject by breaking something down into parts (division) and study the relationship of the parts or ...................................................................................................................
check_box determine the nature of the parts (classification).
determinative the nature of the parts (classification).
determined the nature of the parts (classification).
determinatively the nature of the parts (classification).
Comparison and contrast essays show similarities, and contrast, and pointing .........................differences
about
away
out
with
Definition essays that answer the question “what is....?” and/or “What is ... like?” aim to approach a term/ subject with more .....................................................than the efficient, short dictionary definition has.
check_box thoroughness and spirit
thorough and spirit
thorough and spiritual
thoroughness and spiritual
Different words that are similar ...................................... are only synonymous in one usage and not in others. For example, a high school pupil can be called a student, but a university student cannot be called a pupil.
check_box in meaning
with meaning
about meaning
at meaning
Division and classification are a filing system that aim to explain relationships and ......................................................................, handy, and easy to communicate.
check_box to make information comprehensible
to make information comprehensibly
to make information comprehensibleness
to make information comprehend
Division and classification essays ...................................... order among things with some common characteristics.
establish
establishing
to be established
to establish
Each ..............................paragraph includes evidence and examples to support the topic sentence and all the body will include evidence and examples presented in different paragraphs to defend the thesis statement.
developed
developing
development
developmental
Essays that you write for your college courses usually require the representation of information about a .....................................subject.
selected
selecting
selection
to be selected
Extended definition, ..........................................................., can be given in a number of sentences in order to explain an uncommon term or an abstract term , such as one-sided love, home, etc.
check_box on the other hand
on the other eye
on the other face
on the other leg
Good writing is rewriting. Therefore, you have to make a number of drafts filled .................... additions, deletions, rearrangements, and rewordings, each time considering alternatives and making choices.
away
out
up
with
However, when ..........................in writing, you should always use a pronoun to refer clearly to a noun that has already been used; in other words, the pronoun reference must be clear so that the reader can understand which noun is replacing.
used pronouns
useful pronouns
useless pronouns
using pronouns
If the definition on “fair” in the statement “Life is not fair” goes with the ideas: things don’t work out, we all have some bad luck, the bad comes with the good, then it is shallow definition because ..................................................................
check_box the explanations merely repeat the title.
the explanations merely to be repeating the title.
the explanations merely to repeat the title.
the explanations merely repeating the title.
If the pronoun seems to refer to more than one noun or idea, the reader will be confused. To avoid such a problem, either add a noun or ..................................................
check_box restructure the sentence
rethink the sentence
retell the sentence
restart the sentence
If the subordination gives basic information ................................................................, no comma is used before who or which. However, when the subordination adds information about a specific subject, you need to add commas before or around the relative clause.
check_box for identification of the subject
for identification of an subject
for identification of one subject
for identification of a subject
If you want to write an essay on the topic “ Is Hanoi Open University an open or traditional university?” you would do well to make sure that .............................................................your readers what you mean by “open” or/ and “traditional”.
you explain with
you explain to
you explain about
you explain for
Illustration or listing essays give examples ................................... benefits, advantages, or results,...
proof
prove
to prove
to proving
In a cause and effect essay, all causes are discussed as a block, and then all of the effects/ results are mentioned together ........................
hold a block
as a block
since a block
like a block
In a comparison essay you analyze the similarities, and .......................................................................... you emphasize the differences.
in the contrast essay
in any contrast essay
in other contrast essay
in a contrast essay
In a compound sentence, a comma usually appears before the conjunction to connect .........................................................................
check_box two independent ideas.
two dependent ideas.
two independently ideas.
two depending ideas.
In almost all situations of writing, remember that writing is largely revising. As a good writer, you always have to reread and rework the draft of any writing project. After .......................... an essay, you have to answer the checklist to evaluate and revise it.
write
writing
written
wrote
In formal writing you should not .........................................................you are speaking to the reader as a familiar person.
check_box think that
thought that
to think that
thinking that
In order ....................................in your writing for the reader to follow your ideas easily, you should use transitions to link them together.
check_box to achieve coherence
achieving coherence
achievement coherence
to achieving coherence
In order to help readers .........................................................., you should define direct relationships between ideas and arrange them in a logical way.
check_box keep track of the message
keep path of the message
keep line of the message
keep route of the message
In order to join ideas in a sentence, you can use a participle: a present participle (v-ing) or a past participle (v-ed) to open a sentence ....................................................... You can also use a present participle to end a sentence too:
check_box instead of using conjunctions
instead with using conjunctions
instead away using conjunctions
instead for using conjunctions
In order to prove your main idea/thesis of your essay, especially in a narration or ............................, using examples is very effective to add details so that readers are made to “see” events and objects.
describing
description
descriptive
descriptiveness
In the ............................................., you read over what you have written, decide what ideas to be removed or added and, if needed, reorganize the ideas to improve the first draft according to the needs and expectation of your reader.
step of Drafting
step of Editing
step of Prewriting
step of Revising
In the body, try to choose the typical aspects that make your definition ................................................................................., avoiding shallow aspects of the subject.
check_box satisfying and interesting
satisfying and interested
satisfying and interest
satisfaction and interesting
In the introduction of a process essay, you have to tell what the process is, .......................what situations it is used, and why it is important.
away
from
in
out
In the sentence the possessive form of a noun denotes possession, not object or person and the .................................................................... after it.
focus of the sentence is on the thing
focus of the sentence is for the thing
focus of the sentence is at the thing
focus of the sentence is with the thing
In the step of Drafting, you write using the ideas and plan you have developed during your prewriting. You put your ideas ................ ...............words, keeping in mind your purposes for writing (to inform, persuade or entertain your reader).
about
into
onto
through
In the step of Editing, you check .................................. to make sure that your grammar, punctuation, and spelling are correct. While editing, you can use a grammar book or/and a dictionary handy for reference.
the body
the conclusion
the introduction
thoroughly
In the step of Prewriting, you have to ...............................................for your writing by exploring ideas about your topic, gathering information and organize your materials (outlining).
think and compare
think and plan
think and work
think and write
In the step of Proofreading, you have to check everything again, Before you hand....................your writing, be sure that your writing has no errors, your handwriting is legible, or typing is neat.
away
down
in
up
In the step of Revising, You also have to concentrate ................ your choice of words and sentence structure for a smooth flow of content and an appropriate tone for your audience.
away
by
on
over
In the thesis statement, you cannot simply give .................................. about bilingual education or imigration, you must state your opinion.
information
informational
informative
informatively
In writing a cause and effect essay, we will require examining the topic carefully ........................................., finding out the cause-effect relations in it.
check_box to sound logical
to show logical
to have logical
to express logical
In writing an example essay to prove a point, the number of examples you use depends on the topic. For example, if you were ..................... to write about the difficulties in writing in English, you would develop the topic with a number of examples. In this case, examples are the aspects or problems writers meet with in writing.
ask
asked
asking
to be asking
In writing it is necessary to use synonyms in order ..........................................................................in one and the same text:
check_box to avoid repeating the same words
to avoid to repeat the same words
to avoiding repeating the same words
to avoid repeat the same words
In writing, the pronouns it and they cannot refer to nouns that have been suggested but never actually stated. .........................................., it and they can be used only when the nouns have already been stated.
check_box In other words
In any words
In another words
In some words
In your .........................................., remember to back up your thesis with relevant and sufficient details that are organized by order of time (first/second), order of importance (least/most important), order of category (general/specific).
developing paragraphs
developed paragraphs
developmental paragraphs
development paragraphs
It is important that synonyms do not change the register. For example, firm is a good synonym for company, but boss is ................................................. for manager.
check_box too informal to use
too informal in use
too informal about use
to informal for use
Life would be very boring if ...... ........... ...................................... nothing to read to spend the time and to understand about the past, the present and the future.
there has been
there have been
there was
there were
Making ..........................................................................................is a common method of exposition. We need compare and contrast two things, items, or people of like nature to determine the superiority of one thing over the other.
comparison and contrasting
compare and contrast
comparison and contrast
comparing and contrast
Making ......................................is a common method of exposition. We need compare and contrast two things, items, or people of like nature to determine the superiority of one thing over the other, to explain something unknown on the basis of something known, to show the differences or similarities, advantages or disadvantages of one thing compared with another, etc.
compare and contrast
comparing and contrast
comparison and contrast
comparison and contrasting
Not all words can be substituted with synonyms; for example, culture, economy, society or science have no effective synonyms. Therefore, you must be sure that your chosen synonym is ................................................your sentence.
real suitable for
really suitable for
really suitably for
real suitably for
Note that there is usually a comma before coordinating conjunctions although some professional writers sometimes leave this comma out. Also, .......................................... more than one coordinating conjunction in one sentence because if such words as but and and are overused, the sentences will become difficult to understand.
check_box try not to use
try no to use
try non to use
try none to use
One of the most important areas to master in terms of register is the difference between formal and informal English. ..........................., formal language is used in writing and speech making, while informal language is used in conversation and casual writing like emails to friends.
General speak
General speaking
Generally speak
Generally speaking
One of the most common .............. made by inexperienced writers involves using too personal a manner in a piece of formal writing which is called “chatty style”. The chatty style is recognized by the use of: 1. The first personal pronouns and 2. The informal you.
mistake
mistaken
mistakes
mistaking
Overuse of transitions causes a traffic jam and should be avoided. Transitions should be used only ......................................................
check_box when necessary
when need
when it necessary
when necessarily
Process essays convey a clear understanding of ................. ..... ..............either how to do something or how something was done or is done.
a lot of
a piece of
a process of
an amount of
Remember that ................................................................., illustrate your arguments with specific examples, facts, or incidents. Merely using synonyms makes definition go round in circles because it avoids being specific.
check_box when possible
when being possible
when to be possible
when be possible
Remember that in explaining a process, you should ............. ..................that the directions are complete and specific so that someone who is unfamiliar with the process will be able to perform it successfully.
make sure
make sure about
make sure of
make sure on
Review your definition’s main points by giving a summary of the points that have been mentioned above or give some kind of comments ...................................a sense of completeness.
check_box that give the writing
where give the writing
what give the writing
when give the writing
Since a well-known subject ........................................................ what scope and purpose of the topic you want to achieve easily, you should avoid a topic too narrow for example “house” or too broad such as “friendship”; however, the topic true friendship may be a good choice.
check_box enables you to define
enables you into define
enables you onto define
enables you for define
Sometimes coordinating conjunctions are not used, and some other punctuation marks such as semicolons or colons are used instead. Again remember that normally a comma is never used ... ...........................................................................................................
check_box to join two independent ideas together.
to take two independent ideas together.
to give two independent ideas together.
to hit two independent ideas together.
Sometimes you can use punctuation marks to connect two ideas, but ..................................between two independent ideas.
none use a comma
no use a comma
non use a comma
never use a comma
Synonyms are different words (sometimes phrases) with ............... or very similar meanings. Synonyms can be any part of speech: buy/ purchase (v), sick/ill (adjective), on /upon (prep).
check_box identical
identically
identity
identify
Synonyms do not always have exactly the same meaning; however, they can be used to provide .........................................to the reader.
check_box variety and interest
variety and interesting
various and interest
variety and interested
Terms/ subjects of this kind need various ..........................................................................because they have different meanings for different individuals: these terms play on people’s feelings, opinions more than their physical senses.
explanations and clarify
explaining and clarifications
explanations and clarifications
explanations and clarifyinng
The aim of an argumentative essay is to convince readers to agree with your position. Your .................................................. must show a clear point of view with three reasons that you will argue in the body of your essay.
thesis state
thesis stated
thesis statement
thesis stating
The basic part of the introduction is ...............................................which reveals a topic which according a certain principle of classification is divided into categories.
check_box the thesis statement
the thesis talk
the thesis discussion
the thesis writing
The body deals with main parts/ aspects/qualities... of the term reflecting your judgment, point of view. Usually there are three paragraphs, ........................................................ one of the parts of your definition.
check_box each dealing with
each to deal with
each deal with
each to dealing with
The body of a classification essay ...................................................the general characteristics of the members of each category by answering the question “What are they like?” and “What are the examples of each?”.
check_box names and discusses
names and to discuss
names and discussing
naming and discusses
The body of an example essay will develop ...............................of the thesis in a separate paragraph or set of paragraphs, each of which begins with a strong topic sentence.
each aspect
each one
each part
no aspect
The cause essay may discuss one effect in the introduction and then all the causes as a block in the body or in an effect essay, one cause is mentioned in the introduction and all the effects are .................... in the body.
discussed
discussing
discussion
in discussing
The classification essays use one of the main skills demanded not just for academic writing in particular, but also for living life in general: the skills ....................................................................and to describe different parts that make up a whole thing.
to divide a thing about parts
to divide a thing with parts
to divide a thing to parts
to divide a thing into parts
The concluding paragraph brings the essay to an end that flows ....... ....................................... from the rest of the essay. It does not cut off the reader abruptly. The way to write the concluding paragraph for argument is like the way to conclude the essay of other kinds.
check_box logically and gracefully
logically and graceful
logical and gracefully
logically and grace
The different categories of the topic which are presented one after another must follow one organizing principle and be arranged usually from .................................................................................................................................................
the least important move to the most important.
the least important to the most important.
the least important go to the most important.
the least important toward the most important.
The example essay will end with a strong conclusion paragraph that provides insight on the thesis statement. The ...................... is used to wrap up your arguments by stating what your essay has shown.
concluded.
concluding
conclusion
in conclusion
The first personal pronouns: I or we often occurs when everybody likes to talk about themselves in both ...........................................and you may not be an exception.
speak and writing
to speak and writing
speaking and writing
speaking and write
The informal you may sound disrespectful or even offensive ................................................ the reader who can’t be your friend, a person you know very well.
since the word you points a finger at
since the word you pointing a finger at
since the word you pointed a finger at
since the word you to point a finger at
The number of categories can be many, but should be confined to three ..........................................the classification.
check_box in order not to blur
in order none to blur
in order non to blur
in order no to blur
The number of examples you use in an example essay depends on the topic, but usually three ................. four extended examples (illustrations) might suffice. However, your examples should be representative/typical, covering a wide range of interest areas/aspects:
after
before
for
or
The order of presenting ideas should be clear and logical: by importance, location, ..... If necessary, you may try to enrich your perception of the term through specific analyses by either mentioning its physical properties (appealing to five senses), its uses (or dangers), or ................................................................................., history, etc.
check_box mentioning its effects on people
to be mentioning its effects on people
mentioned its effects on people
being mentioning its effects on people
The order you select to arrange your examples is really what you have to consider. Usually the examples and details in an expository essay are organized according to time, familiarity, and importance; therefore, in an example essay the examples are essentially ............................. in the same order.
arranged
arrangement
arranging
to be arranged
The pronoun <b>this / that </b>can replace either a noun or a specific idea that has already been stated – this is used to talk about something you are close to in time ................... ...................space, and that to refer to something more distant.
check_box as well as
as high as
as short as
as low as
The pronoun which can be used to .....................................which has already been stated before in a sentence.
refer by something
refer for something
refer to something
refer around something
The structure of ...................................................can follow:1. One part of your definition of the subject. 2. Examples to illustrate the point.3. Analysis of how the example illustrates the point.
check_box a definition essay
a defining essay
a definitive essay
a definitional essay
The tone reflects your attitude towards your subject and your audience, so the tone might be light, humorous, serious, angry or ..........................., depending on the writing situation.
insult
insulter
insulting
insultingly
The way you think in writing is in ............................ ways different from your way of thinking in speaking, so when you write to a reader, you share what you learn.
a lot
amount
many
much
The word you can be used with the word I or we in informal speech to show intimacy between the speaker ..................................................; for example, “you know what I mean”.
check_box and the listener
but the listener
for the listener
or the listener
The writer might use humor, romance, or suspense as the basis for a poem, short story, or novel to create .................... for the reader.
enjoyable
enjoyed
enjoying
enjoyment
There are many types of expository essays according ........................... many methods you use to develop your essay topic. Reading essays of these kinds, you may find out the way the information/the writer’s ideas have been exposed/conveyed to the reader.
in
to
up
with
There are two types of process ........... .........................................: instructing or directing the reader for doing something and explaining or analyzing something for the reader to understand.
analysis essays
analytic essays
analytical essays
analytics essays
There can be said to be two kinds of definition: formal and extended. Formal definition, usually found in the dictionary (dictionary definition), can be given in some words, or in one or more than one sentences .............................................................such as “be”, followed by an adjective, a noun phrase, or a synonym.
by use some verbs,
by used some verbs,
by usage some verbs,
by using some verbs,
There is a special case of subordination when a subordinate clause does not begin with a conjunction, but with the relative pronouns “who”..........................................................................or “which” to a thing or a place.
check_box referring to a person
refers to a person
will referring to a person
referred to a person
Therefore, a term/ subject that you know well will ............................................................................. for you to clarify, to provide specific examples to illustrate your definition.
check_box make it easy
make it easily
make it ease
make it be easy
They have in common that they relate ...................................................................................... They are so closely associated – being, in a sense, opposite sides of the same coin – that they are often considered together under the single heading of classification.
check_box general/ main classes and subclasses
general/ main classes with subclasses
general/ main classes or subclasses
general/ main classes as subclasses
To .............................................a reader, a writer must choose language that clearly conveys what he or she is trying to say.
check_box communicate with
communicate on
communicate around
communicate for
To communicate effectively, when ............................. you need to choose the most suitable vocabulary for your audience. For most college writing, you need to use the adult vocabulary that mature, intelligent readers expect.
about writing
at writing
on writing
writing
Too long sentences often confuse the reader. Therefore, if you have written a number of short sentences together, you should .............................................................. in a clever way when you are editing your writing.
check_box know how to combine them
know how to be combined them
know how to combining them
know how to be combine them
Understanding writing as a multistage process allows you to work efficiently, concentrating one activity at a time ........................ trying to handle all facets of a writing project simultaneously.
better than
more than
rather than
worse than
Using pronouns in writing you should always use a pronoun to refer clearly to a noun that has already been used; in other words, the pronoun reference must be clear so that .............................................................which noun is replacing.
the reader understand
the reader do understand
the reader can understand
the reader does understand
When ........................................, you should use supporting evidence, define terms, offer facts and statistics, or provide examples, anecdotes or personal observations that support your ideas.
to strengthen your essay
strength your essay
strengthening your essay
strengthen your essay
When ............................................., these pronouns “I or we” could cause negative or even offensive feelings in the audience.
useless not appropriately
used not appropriately
used not appropriate
useful not appropriately
When ....................................................................................., you should avoid using the “dangling” participle. The reason is that a participle describes the subject of the sentence, so if the correct subject is not used, the meaning of the sentence will be confusing and unintentionally funny.
check_box using a participle
used a participle
use a participle
be using a participle
When a problem ..................., we use this method of reasoning to figure out the causes for it and also to analyze – predict its results or effects.
arising
rise
arises
arose
When a problem arises, we use this method of reasoning .............. .............. the causes for it and also to analyze – predict its results or effects.
to figure away
to figure by
to figure in
to figure out
When a student is learning to write in English, .................................. makes mistakes at first.
he
she
he or she
he or her
When a subordinating conjunction starts a sentence, the ............................................................should follow the subordinate clause and follow a comma.
check_box independent sentence
independence sentence
depending sentence
independently sentence
When a word might mean one thing to the writer and ..........................................................., it is useful for the writer to explain what he or she means.
check_box another to the reader
other to the reader
the other to the reader
others to the reader
When planning a comparison and contrast essay, you should notice the following points: - Choose the topic which provides something new and/or a new way of ........................................
analysis for the reader
analyzing for the reader
analyzed for the reader
analyze for the reader
when the subordinating conjunction is in medial position, the dependent clause should closely follow the independent sentence; ..................................................(no comma, no period/ full stop) is employed before the dependent clause.
none punctuation
no punctuation
non punctuation
not punctuation
When there are two nouns before which you should reconstruct your sentence so that which comes close to its antecedent. Or the sentence can be reconstructed, which being replaced .......................................
check_box by another construction
for another construction
with another construction
about another construction
When two ideas have complex relationships, you should put the more important idea in an independent sentence, the sentence that could stand alone, and the less important idea in ....................................................which is dependent on the independent sentence.
a subordinative clause
a subordinate clause
a subordinating clause
a subordination clause
When you are ........................................... causes and effects, you should qualify or limit your statements about them by using tentative expressions such as It appears that the cause was..., The evidence may indicate..., Available evidence suggests that...
check_box not quite sure about
not quite sure for
not quite sure away
not quite sure with
When you are writing academically, you should use the formal style, talking about the topic and ..............................................
not of yourself.
not with yourself.
not for yourself.
not about yourself.
When you explain how something happened, how something works, or why a problem exists, you should .......................... specific information to help educate the reader about a topic, showing that you understand the topic well.
provide
provided
providing
to provide
When you have two ideas next to ................... .................... and if they are of equal importance and related to each other, you do not need to use a period to separate them, you can put them together by using coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet.
each one
each other
every other
one other
When you have two ideas next to each other and if they are of equal importance and related to each other, you do not need to use a period to separate them, you can put them together by ....................................................................: and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet.
check_box using coordinating conjunctions
using coordinate conjunctions
using coordinated conjunctions
using coordination conjunctions
When you use causal analysis, you must avoid oversimplification and ........................................................that an effect may be the consequence of two or more causes or a chain of causes.
check_box keep in mind
keep in eyes
keep in heart
keep in brain
Whenever you write, your goal is ........................... ...................... effectively with the people who are going to read what you write.
communication
to be communicated
to communicate
to communicating
Why when using a participle, ask yourself who/ what does or is acted upon by ................................................................................................
the action expressing by the verb.
the action expression by the verb.
the action expressed by the verb.
the action be expressing by the verb.
Writing ..........................................., we may want to analyze causes and/or effects to answer some question Why does/did it happen? or What happens/happened as a result/because of this?
a cause and effecting essay
a causing and effect essay
a cause and effective essay
a cause and effect essay
Writing a cause and effect essay, we may want to analyze causes and/or effects to answer some question Why does/did it happen? or What happens/happened as a result/because of this? In doing this, we will require examining the topic carefully to sound logical, finding out the ........................ in it.
cause-effect connection
cause-effect related.
cause-effect relating
cause-effect relations
Writing both ............................................................................... can give very bad impression to the reader. Short sentences can look like a child’s writing or can suggest that the writer can not use more complex grammatical structures.
check_box very short and long sentences
very short or long sentences
very short yet long sentences
very short but long sentences
Writing creates reading. Writing ................................a long lasting record of your ideas for others to read and think about.
creates
does
has
helps
Writing is a means to ...................... the ability of educated people. Throughout their lives, their writing shows how effectively they think, understand and use language.
evaluate
evaluating
evaluation
evaluator
Writing is a way of ................ .... and learning. When you are writing, you have to think to formulate ideas.
think
thinking
thought
thoughtfulness
Writing is always about a topic. If you know or understand about a topic well, you write about it with authority and ............................... As a result, your writing is interesting to the reader.
interest
interested
interesting
to be interested
You can also use the traditional or dictionary definition as a basis for your definition. Your definition or thesis statement states .........................................................................
check_box what is being defined.
whom is being defined.
where is being defined.
when is being defined.
You should avoid overusing subordinate clauses, ..................................................................... or ideas in one sentence.
check_box crowding together too many images
crowded together too many images
be crowding together too many images
to crowd together too many images
You would ............................your essay where in the first paragraph of the body you would define “open” using as many methods as seem necessary to make your meaning clear.
check_box want to organize
wanting to organize
wanted to organize
want to organizing
Your goal is to influence the reader to change his/her mind or take a particular action. Therefore, you use sound reasoning and solid evidence to convince the reader to agree ...........................your point of view on an issue
in
of
to
up

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